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Class 10 · Science · Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World

BSEB Class 10 Science Chapter 10: Objective Questions (MCQ) with Answers

Bihar Board · NCERT · CBSE

All 61 objective questions (MCQ) of this chapter — solve first, then tap “Show answer”. Each question shows its source label: «BSEB 2025 · board paper» = verified from the official board paper; «Board-style (practice)» = Study With Me's own practice questions.

← Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World — full notes, video, questions

1Check

Where does the human eye form the image of an object?

  1. (A) On the cornea
  2. (B) On the iris
  3. (C) On the pupil
  4. (D) On the retina
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Correct answer: (D) On the retina

The lens forms an inverted real image on the retina.

2Check

The near point of a normal young eye is about

  1. (A) 25 m
  2. (B) 2.5 cm
  3. (C) 25 cm
  4. (D) 2.5 m
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Correct answer: (C) 25 cm

For a normal young eye the near point is about 25 cm.

3Check

Which lens corrects myopia?

  1. (A) A convex lens
  2. (B) A concave lens
  3. (C) The lower part of a bifocal
  4. (D) A plane mirror
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Correct answer: (B) A concave lens

Myopia is corrected with a concave lens.

4Check

In hypermetropia, where does the image of a nearby object form?

  1. (A) On the retina
  2. (B) In front of the retina
  3. (C) Behind the retina
  4. (D) On the cornea
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Correct answer: (C) Behind the retina

In hypermetropia the image forms behind the retina. A convex lens brings it onto the retina.

5Check

The upper part of a bifocal lens is

  1. (A) Convex, for near vision
  2. (B) Concave, for distant vision
  3. (C) Concave, for near vision
  4. (D) Plane
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Correct answer: (B) Concave, for distant vision

The upper concave lens is for distant vision. The lower convex lens is for near vision.

6Check

The main cause of presbyopia is —

  1. (A) The eyeball suddenly becoming long
  2. (B) Weakening of the ciliary muscles and loss of flexibility of the lens
  3. (C) The cornea becoming opaque
  4. (D) The optic nerve being cut
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Correct answer: (B) Weakening of the ciliary muscles and loss of flexibility of the lens

In presbyopia the ciliary muscles weaken and the lens becomes less flexible.

7Check

How does the ray leaving a glass prism stand relative to the incident ray?

  1. (A) Always parallel
  2. (B) Always perpendicular
  3. (C) Bent at an angle
  4. (D) It stops inside the prism
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Correct answer: (C) Bent at an angle

Because the faces are inclined, the emergent ray bends from the incident ray by the angle of deviation.

8Check

In Activity 10.1, why are the pins R and S fixed?

  1. (A) To stick the prism to the paper
  2. (B) So that they lie on one straight line with the images of P and Q
  3. (C) To measure the angle of the prism
  4. (D) To bring in sunlight
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Correct answer: (B) So that they lie on one straight line with the images of P and Q

R and S fix the path of the emergent ray. They lie on one line with the images of P and Q.

9Check

Which colour bends the most through a prism?

  1. (A) Red
  2. (B) Yellow
  3. (C) Green
  4. (D) Violet
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Correct answer: (D) Violet

Violet bends the most and red the least.

10Check

The splitting of white light into its component colours is called —

  1. (A) Scattering
  2. (B) Dispersion
  3. (C) Angle of deviation
  4. (D) Accommodation
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Correct answer: (B) Dispersion

This splitting is dispersion. The band of colours is the spectrum.

11Check

In which direction does a rainbow appear in the sky?

  1. (A) Towards the sun
  2. (B) Opposite the sun
  3. (C) Towards the moon
  4. (D) Always straight overhead
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Correct answer: (B) Opposite the sun

A rainbow forms opposite the sun. The drops act as tiny prisms.

12Check

The twinkling of stars is caused by —

  1. (A) Scattering
  2. (B) Atmospheric refraction
  3. (C) Dispersion
  4. (D) Accommodation of the eye
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Correct answer: (B) Atmospheric refraction

Twinkling of stars is due to atmospheric refraction.

13Check

Because of atmospheric refraction, the sun is seen about how long before the actual sunrise?

  1. (A) 2 seconds
  2. (B) 2 minutes
  3. (C) 2 hours
  4. (D) 20 minutes
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Correct answer: (B) 2 minutes

The sun is seen about 2 minutes early at sunrise and about 2 minutes late at sunset.

14Check

The Tyndall effect is seen in which of these?

  1. (A) In a true solution
  2. (B) In a colloidal solution
  3. (C) In a vacuum
  4. (D) On a plane mirror
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Correct answer: (B) In a colloidal solution

Colloidal particles scatter light and the path of the beam becomes visible. In a true solution the path is not seen.

15Check

The clear sky looks blue because —

  1. (A) Red light scatters more than blue
  2. (B) Fine particles scatter shorter wavelengths more
  3. (C) The sun sends only blue light
  4. (D) The retina sees only blue
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Correct answer: (B) Fine particles scatter shorter wavelengths more

Fine particles in air scatter blue light more than red.

16BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q9 · page 61 mark

Which phenomena is responsible for the blue colour of the sky?

  1. (A) Refraction
  2. (B) Scattering
  3. (C) Reflection
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (B) Scattering

Tiny air particles scatter blue (short-wavelength) light the most (lesson 7).

17BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q10 · page 61 mark

The primary colour of light is—

  1. (A) Red
  2. (B) Blue
  3. (C) Green
  4. (D) All of these
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Correct answer: (D) All of these

The three primary colours of light are red, green and blue — so «all of these».

18BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q11 · page 71 mark

Where are large numbers of light-sensitive cells present?

  1. (A) In Cornea
  2. (B) In Pupil
  3. (C) In Retina
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (C) In Retina

The retina has huge numbers of light-sensitive cells (rods and cones) (lesson 1).

19BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q12 · page 71 mark

Which lens is used for the treatment of farsightedness?

  1. (A) Convex lens
  2. (B) Concave lens
  3. (C) Cylindrical lens
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (A) Convex lens

In farsightedness (hypermetropia) the image forms behind the retina; a convex lens brings it onto the retina (lesson 2).

20BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q11 · page 61 mark

On which of the following parts is the image of an object formed in the human eye?

  1. (A) Cornea
  2. (B) Iris
  3. (C) Pupil
  4. (D) Retina
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Correct answer: (D) Retina

The eye lens forms an inverted real image on the retina (lesson 1).

21BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q12 · page 61 mark

The transparent front part of the eye is—

  1. (A) Iris
  2. (B) Cornea
  3. (C) Lens
  4. (D) Retina
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Correct answer: (B) Cornea

The clear bulge at the front of the eye is the cornea; most of the bending of light happens there (lesson 1).

22BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q13 · page 61 mark

Which defect is corrected by bifocal lens is—

  1. (A) Myopia
  2. (B) Hypermetropia
  3. (C) Presbyopia
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (C) Presbyopia

When both near and far defects come together — usually in presbyopia — a bifocal lens is used (lesson 3).

23BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q14 · page 71 mark

Rods cells are sensitive to—

  1. (A) Colour
  2. (B) Bright light
  3. (C) Dim light
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (C) Dim light

Rod cells respond to the intensity of dim light; cone cells respond to colour (lesson 1).

24BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q15 · page 71 mark

The blind spot has no—

  1. (A) Cornea
  2. (B) Rods and cones
  3. (C) Pupil
  4. (D) Lens
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Correct answer: (B) Rods and cones

Where the optic nerve leaves the retina there are no rods and cones, so that spot cannot see (lesson 1).

25Book-based · 10.1 · pupil1 mark

What controls the amount of light entering the eye?

  1. (A) cornea
  2. (B) pupil
  3. (C) retina
  4. (D) optic nerve
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Correct answer: (B) pupil

The iris changes the size of the pupil to control the light.

26Book-based · 10.1 · iris1 mark

What controls the size of the pupil?

  1. (A) iris
  2. (B) eye lens
  3. (C) cornea
  4. (D) retina
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Correct answer: (A) iris

The iris — a dark muscular diaphragm.

27Book-based · 10.1 · image1 mark

The image formed on the retina is—

  1. (A) virtual and erect
  2. (B) real and inverted
  3. (C) virtual and inverted
  4. (D) real and erect
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Correct answer: (B) real and inverted

The eye lens forms a real and inverted image on the retina; the brain reads it as upright.

28Book-based · 10.1 · refraction1 mark

Most of the refraction of light entering the eye happens at—

  1. (A) the eye lens
  2. (B) the outer surface of the cornea
  3. (C) the retina
  4. (D) the pupil
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Correct answer: (B) the outer surface of the cornea

Most refraction is at the outer surface of the cornea; the lens only fine-tunes the focal length.

29Book-based · 10.1 · far object1 mark

While looking at a far object the ciliary muscles—

  1. (A) contract, lens thick
  2. (B) relax, lens thin
  3. (C) contract, lens thin
  4. (D) relax, lens thick
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Correct answer: (B) relax, lens thin

Relaxed muscles → thin lens → longer focal length.

30Book-based · 10.2 · myopia1 mark

One cause of myopia is—

  1. (A) a shortened eyeball
  2. (B) an elongated eyeball
  3. (C) too long a focal length of the lens
  4. (D) weak muscles
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Correct answer: (B) an elongated eyeball

An elongated eyeball or too much curvature of the lens (focal length too short).

31Book-based · 10.2 · hypermetropia1 mark

In hypermetropia the near point is—

  1. (A) closer than 25 cm
  2. (B) farther than 25 cm
  3. (C) at infinity
  4. (D) on the retina
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Correct answer: (B) farther than 25 cm

The near point moves farther than 25 cm; near objects look blurred.

32Book-based · 10.2 · presbyopia1 mark

Accommodation falls with age because of—

  1. (A) weak ciliary muscles and a less flexible lens
  2. (B) a thicker cornea
  3. (C) a bigger pupil
  4. (D) a shifted retina
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Correct answer: (A) weak ciliary muscles and a less flexible lens

Weaker muscles and a less flexible lens — this is presbyopia.

33Book-based · 10.3 · prism1 mark

The ray coming out of a glass prism bends—

  1. (A) towards the apex
  2. (B) towards the base
  3. (C) without bending
  4. (D) backwards
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Correct answer: (B) towards the base

The emergent ray bends towards the base of the prism.

34Book-based · 10.3 · angle of deviation1 mark

The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is called—

  1. (A) angle of the prism
  2. (B) angle of incidence
  3. (C) angle of deviation
  4. (D) angle of refraction
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Correct answer: (C) angle of deviation

The angle of deviation (∠D).

35Book-based · 10.4 · dispersion1 mark

The colour bent the least by a prism is—

  1. (A) violet
  2. (B) blue
  3. (C) green
  4. (D) red
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Correct answer: (D) red

Red bends the least, violet the most.

36Book-based · 10.4 · rainbow1 mark

In forming a rainbow, raindrops cause—

  1. (A) only reflection
  2. (B) refraction, dispersion and internal reflection
  3. (C) only scattering
  4. (D) only refraction
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Correct answer: (B) refraction, dispersion and internal reflection

Refraction + dispersion in the drop, then internal reflection, then refraction again on leaving.

37Book-based · 10.5 · advance sunrise1 mark

Atmospheric refraction makes sunrise appear about how much earlier?

  1. (A) 2 seconds
  2. (B) 2 minutes
  3. (C) 20 minutes
  4. (D) 2 hours
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Correct answer: (B) 2 minutes

About 2 minutes earlier; sunset is about 2 minutes late too.

38Book-based · 10.6 · scattering1 mark

When very large particles (like clouds) scatter light, it looks—

  1. (A) blue
  2. (B) red
  3. (C) white
  4. (D) violet
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Correct answer: (C) white

Large particles scatter all colours almost equally — white.

39NCERT exercise · Q11 mark

The human eye can focus on objects at different distances by adjusting the focal length of the eye lens. This is due to—

  1. (A) presbyopia
  2. (B) accommodation
  3. (C) near-sightedness
  4. (D) far-sightedness
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Correct answer: (B) accommodation

(b) accommodation.

40NCERT exercise · Q21 mark

The human eye forms the image of an object at its—

  1. (A) cornea
  2. (B) iris
  3. (C) pupil
  4. (D) retina
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Correct answer: (D) retina

(d) retina.

41NCERT exercise · Q31 mark

The least distance of distinct vision for a young adult with normal vision is about—

  1. (A) 25 m
  2. (B) 2.5 cm
  3. (C) 25 cm
  4. (D) 2.5 m
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Correct answer: (C) 25 cm

(c) 25 cm.

42NCERT exercise · Q41 mark

The change in focal length of an eye lens is caused by the action of the—

  1. (A) pupil
  2. (B) retina
  3. (C) ciliary muscles
  4. (D) iris
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Correct answer: (C) ciliary muscles

(c) ciliary muscles.

43NCERT-style · practice1 mark

The focal length of the eye lens is changed by the

  1. (A) pupil
  2. (B) retina
  3. (C) ciliary muscles
  4. (D) iris
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Correct answer: (C) ciliary muscles

The ciliary muscles change the curvature of the lens and so its focal length.

44Board-style (practice)1 mark

Where does most of the refraction in the human eye take place?

  1. (A) At the retina
  2. (B) At the outer surface of the cornea
  3. (C) In the optic nerve
  4. (D) At the centre of the pupil
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Correct answer: (B) At the outer surface of the cornea

Most of the refraction occurs at the outer surface of the cornea.

45NCERT-style · practice1 mark

The least distance of distinct vision is —

  1. (A) 25 cm
  2. (B) 25 m
  3. (C) 2.5 cm
  4. (D) Infinity
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Correct answer: (A) 25 cm

For a normal young eye it is about 25 cm. The far point is infinity.

46Board-style (practice)1 mark

An image of a distant object forming in front of the retina is called —

  1. (A) Hypermetropia
  2. (B) Myopia
  3. (C) Presbyopia
  4. (D) Cataract
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Correct answer: (B) Myopia

This is myopia and it is corrected by a concave lens.

47Board-style (practice)1 mark

Hypermetropia is corrected by —

  1. (A) a concave lens
  2. (B) a convex lens
  3. (C) a prism
  4. (D) a plane mirror
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Correct answer: (B) a convex lens

A convex lens provides the extra focusing power.

48Board-style (practice)1 mark

In presbyopia the lower part of a bifocal lens is —

  1. (A) concave
  2. (B) convex
  3. (C) opaque
  4. (D) cylindrical, only for distance
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Correct answer: (B) convex

The lower convex lens is for near vision. The upper concave lens is for distant vision.

49Board-style (practice)1 mark

At the first face of a prism the ray bends —

  1. (A) away from the normal, because it goes from glass into air
  2. (B) towards the normal, because it goes from air into glass
  3. (C) not at all
  4. (D) only for red light
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Correct answer: (B) towards the normal, because it goes from air into glass

At the first face the ray goes from air into glass and bends towards the normal.

50NCERT-style · practice1 mark

Which colour has the greatest deviation in the spectrum?

  1. (A) Red
  2. (B) Yellow
  3. (C) Violet
  4. (D) Green
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Correct answer: (C) Violet

Violet bends the most and red the least.

51Board-style (practice)1 mark

To turn the spectrum of sunlight back into white, Newton placed the second prism —

  1. (A) the same way as the first
  2. (B) inverted relative to the first
  3. (C) behind the screen
  4. (D) inside the eye
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Correct answer: (B) inverted relative to the first

An inverted second prism recombines the colours and gives white light.

52Board-style (practice)1 mark

In the formation of a rainbow a water drop does not —

  1. (A) refraction
  2. (B) dispersion
  3. (C) internal reflection
  4. (D) absorb the light and make darkness
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Correct answer: (D) absorb the light and make darkness

The drop refracts, disperses, reflects internally and refracts again.

53NCERT-style · practice1 mark

Stars twinkle because of —

  1. (A) scattering
  2. (B) atmospheric refraction
  3. (C) dispersion
  4. (D) accommodation
Show answerHide answer

Correct answer: (B) atmospheric refraction

Starlight bends continuously in the atmosphere and the light reaching the eye flickers.

54Board-style (practice)1 mark

About how long after the actual sunset is the sun still seen?

  1. (A) 2 seconds
  2. (B) 2 minutes
  3. (C) 20 minutes
  4. (D) 2 hours
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Correct answer: (B) 2 minutes

Atmospheric refraction keeps the sun visible for about 2 minutes more.

55Board-style (practice)1 mark

The clear sky is blue because fine particles —

  1. (A) scatter red more
  2. (B) scatter blue more
  3. (C) leave only green
  4. (D) absorb all the light
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Correct answer: (B) scatter blue more

Fine particles scatter blue light more than red light.

56Board-style (practice)1 mark

A danger signal is made red because —

  1. (A) red scatters the most
  2. (B) red scatters the least in fog or smoke
  3. (C) red does not harm the eye
  4. (D) red travels the fastest
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Correct answer: (B) red scatters the least in fog or smoke

Red is scattered the least, so the signal stays red at a distance.

57Board-style (practice)1 mark

An example of the Tyndall effect is —

  1. (A) the invisible path of a beam in a pure sugar solution
  2. (B) a sunbeam entering a smoky room through a hole
  3. (C) the image in a plane mirror
  4. (D) the angle of deviation of a prism
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Correct answer: (B) a sunbeam entering a smoky room through a hole

Smoke particles scatter the light and the path of the beam becomes visible.

58BSEB model · practice (not an annual paper)1 mark

A student in the last row sees the board blurred. The defect and the lens are —

  1. (A) Hypermetropia, convex
  2. (B) Myopia, concave
  3. (C) Presbyopia, convex only
  4. (D) Cataract, no lens
Show answerHide answer

Correct answer: (B) Myopia, concave

This is myopia. A concave lens is used.

59BSEB model · practice (not an annual paper)1 mark

In hypermetropia the near point is —

  1. (A) closer than 25 cm
  2. (B) farther than 25 cm
  3. (C) always at infinity
  4. (D) on the retina
Show answerHide answer

Correct answer: (B) farther than 25 cm

The near point shifts farther than the normal 25 cm.

60Competency-based (not a PYQ)1 mark

A student is given two lenses, −0.5 D and +2.0 D. The lens that clears a distant object for a myopic eye is —

  1. (A) +2.0 D
  2. (B) −0.5 D
  3. (C) Both together
  4. (D) Neither, because both are convex
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Correct answer: (B) −0.5 D

Myopia needs a concave lens. −0.5 D is concave.

61Competency-based (not a PYQ)1 mark

After rain the sun is behind you and a coloured arc is in the sky ahead. The correct account is —

  1. (A) The arc twinkles like a star by atmospheric refraction
  2. (B) Drops refract, disperse, internally reflect and again refract the light
  3. (C) The arc is blue only because of scattering
  4. (D) The arc forms towards the sun
Show answerHide answer

Correct answer: (B) Drops refract, disperse, internally reflect and again refract the light

A water drop, like a tiny prism, refracts, disperses and reflects the light internally.

← Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World — full notes, video, questions