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Class 10 · Science · Chapter 11: Electricity

BSEB Class 10 Science Chapter 11: Objective Questions (MCQ) with Answers

Bihar Board · NCERT · CBSE

All 62 objective questions (MCQ) of this chapter — solve first, then tap “Show answer”. Each question shows its source label: «BSEB 2025 · board paper» = verified from the official board paper; «Board-style (practice)» = Study With Me's own practice questions.

← Chapter 11: Electricity — full notes, video, questions

1Check

The SI unit of electric current is —

  1. (A) volt
  2. (B) coulomb
  3. (C) ampere
  4. (D) ohm
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Correct answer: (C) ampere

The unit of current is the ampere. 1 A = 1 C/s.

2Check

How is an ammeter connected in a circuit?

  1. (A) In parallel
  2. (B) In series
  3. (C) Only across the voltmeter
  4. (D) Inside the cell
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Correct answer: (B) In series

An ammeter is always connected in series. A voltmeter is connected in parallel.

3Check

1 volt is equal to —

  1. (A) 1 J × 1 C
  2. (B) 1 J/C
  3. (C) 1 C/s
  4. (D) 1 V/A
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Correct answer: (B) 1 J/C

1 V = 1 J/C. The 1 A = 1 C/s of current is a different statement.

4Check

What is the V–I graph of Ohm law like?

  1. (A) A straight line through the origin, V up and I across
  2. (B) A straight line through the origin, I up and V across
  3. (C) Parallel to the horizontal axis
  4. (D) A curve that misses the origin
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Correct answer: (A) A straight line through the origin, V up and I across

The graph is a straight line through the origin. Potential difference V is on the vertical axis and current I on the horizontal axis.

5Check

1 ohm is the resistance in which —

  1. (A) the current is 1 A when the potential difference is 1 V
  2. (B) 1 C of charge flows in 1 s
  3. (C) 1 J of work is done on 1 C
  4. (D) the length is 1 m
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Correct answer: (A) the current is 1 A when the potential difference is 1 V

1 Ω = 1 V/1 A. The statement 1 A = 1 C/s defines the ampere, not the ohm.

6Check

A thick wire of the same material and the same length, compared with a thin wire, has —

  1. (A) more resistance
  2. (B) less resistance
  3. (C) zero resistance
  4. (D) double the resistivity
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Correct answer: (B) less resistance

A thick wire has a larger area, so its resistance is smaller. Resistivity is a property of the material and does not change with thickness.

7Check

Why is the coil of an electric iron an alloy rather than a pure metal?

  1. (A) An alloy has low resistivity and melts at once
  2. (B) An alloy has higher resistivity and does not oxidise readily
  3. (C) An alloy lets no current pass
  4. (D) An alloy wire has no weight
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Correct answer: (B) An alloy has higher resistivity and does not oxidise readily

An alloy has a higher resistivity and does not oxidise readily at a high temperature.

8Check

When the ammeter is shifted to a point in between a series combination, the current —

  1. (A) becomes zero
  2. (B) doubles
  3. (C) stays the same
  4. (D) changes only in the first resistor
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Correct answer: (C) stays the same

In series the current in every part is the same. Moving the ammeter does not change the reading.

9Check

The current through 1 Ω, 2 Ω and 3 Ω in series on 6 V is —

  1. (A) 6 A
  2. (B) 1 A
  3. (C) 0.5 A
  4. (D) 12 A
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Correct answer: (B) 1 A

Rs = 6 Ω. I = 6 V / 6 Ω = 1 A.

10Check

In the circuit above, the potential difference across the 3 Ω resistor is —

  1. (A) 1 V
  2. (B) 2 V
  3. (C) 3 V
  4. (D) 6 V
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Correct answer: (C) 3 V

V3 = 1 A × 3 Ω = 3 V. The three voltages 1 V, 2 V and 3 V add to 6 V.

11Check

In a parallel combination, what stays the same across every resistor?

  1. (A) Current
  2. (B) Potential difference
  3. (C) Resistance
  4. (D) Length
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Correct answer: (B) Potential difference

In parallel the potential difference is the same. The currents add: I = I1 + I2 + I3.

12Check

The equivalent resistance of 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω in parallel is —

  1. (A) 11 Ω
  2. (B) 6 Ω
  3. (C) 1 Ω
  4. (D) 2 Ω
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Correct answer: (C) 1 Ω

1/Rp = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 1, so Rp = 1 Ω.

13Check

In Joule law the heat produced is proportional to —

  1. (A) only I
  2. (B) I²
  3. (C) 1/I
  4. (D) I³
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Correct answer: (B) I²

The heat is proportional to the square of the current, and equals I²Rt for a given time and resistance.

14Check

What power does a 44 Ω iron take at 220 V?

  1. (A) 5 W
  2. (B) 44 W
  3. (C) 220 W
  4. (D) 1100 W
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Correct answer: (D) 1100 W

I = 220/44 = 5 A. P = 220 × 5 = 1100 W.

15Check

How is a fuse connected in a circuit?

  1. (A) In parallel with the appliance
  2. (B) In series with the appliance
  3. (C) Only in the earth wire, never otherwise
  4. (D) In place of the voltmeter
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Correct answer: (B) In series with the appliance

A fuse is in series with the appliance, so that the circuit breaks when it melts.

16Check

The suitable fuse for a 1000 W iron at 220 V is —

  1. (A) 1 A
  2. (B) 2 A
  3. (C) 3 A
  4. (D) 5 A
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Correct answer: (D) 5 A

I = 1000/220 = 4.55 A. The next rated fuse above this is 5 A.

17BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q15 · page 81 mark

1 kilowatt-hour is equal to—

  1. (A) 100 unit
  2. (B) 10 unit
  3. (C) 1 unit
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (C) 1 unit

One unit on the electricity bill = 1 kWh = 3.6 × 10⁶ J (lesson 7).

18BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q16 · page 81 mark

The SI unit of electric power is—

  1. (A) Volt
  2. (B) Watt
  3. (C) Joule
  4. (D) Newton
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Correct answer: (B) Watt

Power P = VI is measured in watt (W) = 1 J/s (lesson 7).

19BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q19 · page 91 mark

On which principle of electric current does an electric fuse work?

  1. (A) Magnetic
  2. (B) Chemical
  3. (C) Thermal
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (C) Thermal

Too much current heats and melts the fuse wire — the thermal (heating) effect of current (lesson 8).

20BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q21 · page 91 mark

To increase the value of resistance, resistors should be connected in—

  1. (A) Series
  2. (B) Parallel
  3. (C) Both (A) and (B)
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (A) Series

In series R = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ — the total is larger than each one (lesson 5).

21BSEB 2025 · board paper · Q22 · page 101 mark

Which material is used for making the coil of an electric heater?

  1. (A) Iron
  2. (B) Silver
  3. (C) Nichrome
  4. (D) Copper
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Correct answer: (C) Nichrome

The alloy nichrome — high resistivity, and it does not oxidise (burn) even when red-hot (lessons 4, 7).

22BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q16 · page 71 mark

On which effect of electric current does the electric fuse work?

  1. (A) Magnetic
  2. (B) Thermal
  3. (C) Chemical
  4. (D) None of these
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Correct answer: (B) Thermal

The fuse wire melts by the thermal (heating) effect (H = I²Rt) (lesson 8).

23BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q17 · page 71 mark

Which instrument does not have positive (+) and negative (−) signs?

  1. (A) Ammeter
  2. (B) Voltmeter
  3. (C) Coil
  4. (D) Electric cell
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Correct answer: (C) Coil

An ammeter, a voltmeter and a cell have + and − terminals (to be connected the right way); a coil (resistance wire) does not (lesson 2).

24BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q18 · page 81 mark

Which of the following units is equal to watt (W)?

  1. (A) J/s
  2. (B) J/s²
  3. (C) J⁻¹s⁻¹
  4. (D) J⁻²s⁻²
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Correct answer: (A) J/s

Power = energy ÷ time, so 1 W = 1 J/s (lesson 7).

25BSEB model paper 2026 (not the annual exam) · Q19 · page 81 mark

The coil of wire of an electric heater is made of—

  1. (A) Copper
  2. (B) Zinc
  3. (C) Tungsten
  4. (D) Nichrome
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Correct answer: (D) Nichrome

A heater coil is nichrome — high resistivity, and it does not burn when hot; tungsten is used in bulb filaments (lesson 7).

26Book-based · 11.1 · current1 mark

In a metal wire the current is made by the flow of—

  1. (A) protons
  2. (B) electrons
  3. (C) neutrons
  4. (D) ions
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Correct answer: (B) electrons

In metals electrons move; conventional current is taken opposite to them.

27Book-based · 11.1 · unit1 mark

The SI unit of charge is—

  1. (A) ampere
  2. (B) volt
  3. (C) coulomb
  4. (D) ohm
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Correct answer: (C) coulomb

Charge is in coulomb (C); 1 C ≈ 6 × 10¹⁸ electrons.

28Book-based · 11.1 · ammeter1 mark

How is an ammeter joined in a circuit?

  1. (A) in parallel
  2. (B) in series
  3. (C) anywhere
  4. (D) inside the battery
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Correct answer: (B) in series

To measure current the ammeter goes in series.

29Book-based · 11.2 · p.d.1 mark

Potential difference V = ?

  1. (A) W × Q
  2. (B) W / Q
  3. (C) Q / W
  4. (D) I × t
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Correct answer: (B) W / Q

V = W/Q — work done per unit charge.

30Book-based · 11.4 · Ohm's law1 mark

At constant temperature the V–I graph of a conductor is—

  1. (A) a curve
  2. (B) a straight line through the origin
  3. (C) parallel to the x-axis
  4. (D) a circle
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Correct answer: (B) a straight line through the origin

V ∝ I ⇒ a straight line through the origin; slope = R.

31Book-based · 11.4 · unit of R1 mark

1 ohm = ?

  1. (A) 1 V × 1 A
  2. (B) 1 V / 1 A
  3. (C) 1 A / 1 V
  4. (D) 1 J / 1 C
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Correct answer: (B) 1 V / 1 A

1 Ω = 1 V / 1 A.

32Book-based · 11.4 · rheostat1 mark

The device used to change the resistance in a circuit is—

  1. (A) ammeter
  2. (B) rheostat
  3. (C) voltmeter
  4. (D) fuse
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Correct answer: (B) rheostat

A rheostat is used to change the current.

33Book-based · 11.5 · length1 mark

If the length of a wire is doubled, its resistance becomes—

  1. (A) half
  2. (B) double
  3. (C) four times
  4. (D) the same
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Correct answer: (B) double

R ∝ l ⇒ double.

34Book-based · 11.5 · resistivity1 mark

The SI unit of resistivity is—

  1. (A) Ω
  2. (B) Ω m
  3. (C) Ω/m
  4. (D) Ω m²
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Correct answer: (B) Ω m

ρ = RA/l ⇒ Ω m.

35Book-based · 11.5 · insulator1 mark

Which of these is an insulator?

  1. (A) copper
  2. (B) glass
  3. (C) silver
  4. (D) aluminium
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Correct answer: (B) glass

Glass — resistivity 10¹⁰ to 10¹⁴ Ω m.

36Book-based · 11.6.1 · series1 mark

2 Ω and 3 Ω in series; the total resistance is—

  1. (A) 1.2 Ω
  2. (B) 5 Ω
  3. (C) 6 Ω
  4. (D) 1 Ω
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Correct answer: (B) 5 Ω

Rs = 2 + 3 = 5 Ω.

37Book-based · 11.6.2 · parallel1 mark

Two 10 Ω resistors in parallel give—

  1. (A) 20 Ω
  2. (B) 10 Ω
  3. (C) 5 Ω
  4. (D) 2 Ω
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Correct answer: (C) 5 Ω

1/R = 1/10 + 1/10 ⇒ 5 Ω.

38Book-based · 11.7 · bulb1 mark

Which gas is filled in a bulb?

  1. (A) oxygen
  2. (B) nitrogen/argon
  3. (C) hydrogen
  4. (D) chlorine
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Correct answer: (B) nitrogen/argon

Inert gases like nitrogen and argon keep the filament from burning.

39Book-based · 11.8 · power1 mark

A device taking 1 A at 220 V has power—

  1. (A) 220 W
  2. (B) 22 W
  3. (C) 0.22 W
  4. (D) 2200 W
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Correct answer: (A) 220 W

P = VI = 220 × 1 = 220 W.

40NCERT exercise · Q11 mark

A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel. If the equivalent resistance is R′, then the ratio R/R′ is—

  1. (A) 1/25
  2. (B) 1/5
  3. (C) 5
  4. (D) 25
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Correct answer: (D) 25

(d) 25 — each piece R/5; five in parallel: R′ = (R/5)/5 = R/25.

41NCERT exercise · Q21 mark

Which of the following terms does not represent electrical power in a circuit?

  1. (A) I²R
  2. (B) IR²
  3. (C) VI
  4. (D) V²/R
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Correct answer: (B) IR²

(b) IR² — power P = VI = I²R = V²/R.

42NCERT exercise · Q31 mark

An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When it is operated on 110 V, the power consumed will be—

  1. (A) 100 W
  2. (B) 75 W
  3. (C) 50 W
  4. (D) 25 W
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Correct answer: (D) 25 W

(d) 25 W — R = V²/P = 220²/100 = 484 Ω; P = 110²/484 = 25 W (half the voltage ⇒ a quarter of the power).

43NCERT exercise · Q41 mark

Two conducting wires of the same material and of equal lengths and equal diameters are first connected in series and then in parallel in a circuit across the same potential difference. The ratio of heat produced in series and parallel combinations would be—

  1. (A) 1:2
  2. (B) 2:1
  3. (C) 1:4
  4. (D) 4:1
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Correct answer: (C) 1:4

(c) 1:4 — series 2R, parallel R/2; at the same V, H ∝ 1/R ⇒ (1/2R) : (2/R) = 1 : 4.

44NCERT-style · practice1 mark

The correct relation for electric current is —

  1. (A) I = Qt
  2. (B) I = Q/t
  3. (C) I = Q + t
  4. (D) I = t/Q
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Correct answer: (B) I = Q/t

I = Q/t. 1 A = 1 C/s.

45Board-style (practice)1 mark

The direction of current in a circuit is taken —

  1. (A) along the electrons
  2. (B) opposite the electrons
  3. (C) always towards the north
  4. (D) perpendicular to the wire
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Correct answer: (B) opposite the electrons

The direction of current is taken opposite to the flow of electrons.

46Board-style (practice)1 mark

A voltmeter is connected —

  1. (A) in series
  2. (B) in parallel
  3. (C) only inside the cell
  4. (D) in place of the fuse
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Correct answer: (B) in parallel

A voltmeter is connected in parallel. An ammeter is connected in series.

47NCERT-style · practice1 mark

1 volt means —

  1. (A) 1 J/C
  2. (B) 1 C/s
  3. (C) 1 V/A
  4. (D) 1 W/s
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Correct answer: (A) 1 J/C

1 V = 1 J/C.

48Board-style (practice)1 mark

In Ohm law, this stays constant if the temperature does not change —

  1. (A) only the length
  2. (B) V/I
  3. (C) only the colour
  4. (D) the number of electrons in the wire
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Correct answer: (B) V/I

V/I = R stays constant. The graph is a straight line through the origin.

49Board-style (practice)1 mark

On the V–I graph the vertical axis carries —

  1. (A) current I
  2. (B) potential difference V
  3. (C) time t
  4. (D) resistivity ρ
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Correct answer: (B) potential difference V

V is on the vertical axis and I is on the horizontal axis.

50Board-style (practice)1 mark

If the length of a wire is doubled and the area stays the same, the resistance —

  1. (A) is halved
  2. (B) doubles
  3. (C) becomes four times
  4. (D) does not change
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Correct answer: (B) doubles

R is proportional to length, so it doubles.

51Board-style (practice)1 mark

The unit of resistivity is —

  1. (A) Ω
  2. (B) Ω m
  3. (C) Ω/m
  4. (D) V
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Correct answer: (B) Ω m

The SI unit of resistivity is Ω m.

52NCERT-style · practice1 mark

The equivalent of three resistors in series is —

  1. (A) Rs = R1 + R2 + R3
  2. (B) 1/Rs = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
  3. (C) Rs = R1 R2 R3
  4. (D) Rs = R1 − R2 − R3
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Correct answer: (A) Rs = R1 + R2 + R3

In series the resistances add: Rs = R1 + R2 + R3.

53Board-style (practice)1 mark

In parallel, this stays the same —

  1. (A) the current in every branch
  2. (B) the potential difference across every resistor
  3. (C) the value of every resistor
  4. (D) the length of the wire
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Correct answer: (B) the potential difference across every resistor

In parallel the potential difference is the same and the currents add.

54Board-style (practice)1 mark

The equivalent of 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω in parallel is —

  1. (A) 11 Ω
  2. (B) 6 Ω
  3. (C) 1 Ω
  4. (D) 36 Ω
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Correct answer: (C) 1 Ω

1/Rp = 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/6 = 1, so Rp = 1 Ω.

55Board-style (practice)1 mark

The correct form of Joule law is —

  1. (A) H = IRt
  2. (B) H = I²Rt
  3. (C) H = IR/t
  4. (D) H = V/I
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Correct answer: (B) H = I²Rt

H = I²Rt. Power is P = VI = I²R = V²/R.

56Board-style (practice)1 mark

1 kWh is equal to —

  1. (A) 3.6 × 10³ J
  2. (B) 3.6 × 10⁶ J
  3. (C) 220 J
  4. (D) 1 J
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Correct answer: (B) 3.6 × 10⁶ J

1 kWh = 3.6 × 10⁶ J.

57Board-style (practice)1 mark

The fuse for a 1000 W iron at 220 V should be —

  1. (A) 1 A
  2. (B) 3 A
  3. (C) 5 A
  4. (D) 15 A
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Correct answer: (C) 5 A

The current is about 4.55 A, so a 5 A fuse is used.

58Board-style (practice)1 mark

The cord of a heater does not glow because —

  1. (A) the current in the cord is zero
  2. (B) the resistance of the cord is much smaller than that of the element
  3. (C) the cord is an insulator
  4. (D) the voltage in the cord is more than 220 V
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Correct answer: (B) the resistance of the cord is much smaller than that of the element

The current is the same. The element has a larger resistance, so more heat is produced there.

59BSEB model · practice (not an annual paper)1 mark

Four cells of 1.5 V in series give a total potential difference of —

  1. (A) 1.5 V
  2. (B) 3 V
  3. (C) 6 V
  4. (D) 12 V
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Correct answer: (C) 6 V

4 × 1.5 V = 6 V.

60BSEB model · practice (not an annual paper)1 mark

The better conductor of iron and mercury is —

  1. (A) mercury, because the resistivity is higher
  2. (B) iron, because the resistivity is lower
  3. (C) both the same
  4. (D) neither, both are insulators
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Correct answer: (B) iron, because the resistivity is lower

Iron has a lower resistivity than mercury, so iron is the better conductor.

61Competency-based (not a PYQ)1 mark

A student put V on the horizontal axis and I on the vertical axis and still got a straight line through the origin. For the correct graph the student should —

  1. (A) bend the line into a curve
  2. (B) put V on the vertical axis and I on the horizontal axis
  3. (C) draw the line so that it misses the origin
  4. (D) only change the temperature
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Correct answer: (B) put V on the vertical axis and I on the horizontal axis

The Ohm graph keeps V on the vertical axis and I on the horizontal axis, and the line passes through the origin.

62Competency-based (not a PYQ)1 mark

Three resistors are 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω. They are to be joined so that the equivalent is 1 Ω. The correct join is —

  1. (A) all three in series
  2. (B) all three in parallel
  3. (C) only 2 Ω and 6 Ω in series
  4. (D) only 3 Ω alone
Show answerHide answer

Correct answer: (B) all three in parallel

If all three are in parallel, Rp = 1 Ω. In series the sum would be 11 Ω.

← Chapter 11: Electricity — full notes, video, questions